This directory contains alignments of the following assemblies:

  - target/reference: Human
    (hg38, Dec. 2013 (GRCh38/hg38),
    GRCh38 Genome Reference Consortium Human Reference 38 (GCA_000001405.15))

  - query: Scarlet macaw
    (araMac1, Jun 2013 (SMACv1.1/araMac1),
    Texas A&M University GCA_000400695.1)

Files included in this directory:

  - md5sum.txt: md5sum checksums for the files in this directory

  - hg38.araMac1.all.chain.gz: chained blastz alignments. The chain format is
    described in http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/chain.html .

  - hg38.araMac1.net.gz: "net" file that describes rearrangements between
    the species and the best Scarlet macaw match to any part of the
    Human genome.  The net format is described in
    http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/net.html .

  - hg38.araMac1.net.axt.gz: chained and netted alignments,
    i.e. the best chains in the Human genome, with gaps in the best
    chains filled in by next-best chains where possible.  The axt format is
    described in http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/axt.html .

The hg38 and araMac1 assemblies were aligned by the blastz alignment
program, which is available from Webb Miller's lab at Penn State
University (http://www.bx.psu.edu/miller_lab/).  Any hg38 sequences larger
than 40,010,000 bases were split into chunks of 40,010,000 bases overlapping
by 10,000 bases for alignment.  A similar process was followed for araMac1,
with chunks of 20,000,000 overlapping by 0.  Following alignment, the
coordinates of the chunk alignments were corrected by the
blastz-normalizeLav script written by Scott Schwartz of Penn State. 

The blastz scoring matrix (Q parameter) used was:

             A    C    G    T
      A     91  -90  -25 -100
      C    -90  100 -100  -25
      G    -25 -100  100  -90
      T   -100  -25  -90  91

with a gap open penalty of O=400 and a gap extension penalty of E=30.
The minimum score for an alignment to be kept was K=2200 for the first pass
and L=6000 for the second pass, which restricted the search space to the
regions between two alignments found in the first pass.  The minimum
score for alignments to be interpolated between was H=2000.  Other blastz
parameters specifically set for this species pair:
    E=30
    M=50
    O=400
    Y=3400

The .lav format blastz output was translated to the .psl format with
lavToPsl, then chained by the axtChain program.

Chain minimum score: 5000, and linearGap matrix of (loose):
tablesize   11
smallSize   111
position  1   2   3   11  111 2111  12111 32111 72111 152111  252111
qGap    325 360 400  450  600 1100   3600  7600 15600  31600   56600
tGap    325 360 400  450  600 1100   3600  7600 15600  31600   56600
bothGap 625 660 700  750  900 1400   4000  8000 16000  32000   57000

Chained alignments were processed into nets by the chainNet, netSyntenic,
and netClass programs.
Best-chain alignments in axt format were extracted by the netToAxt program.
All programs run after blastz were written by Jim Kent at UCSC.

----------------------------------------------------------------
If you plan to download a large file or multiple files from this directory,
we recommend you use ftp rather than downloading the files via our website.
To do so, ftp to hgdownload.cse.ucsc.edu, then go to the directory
goldenPath/hg38/vsAraMac1/. To download multiple files, use the "mget"
command:

    mget <filename1> <filename2> ...
    - or -
    mget -a (to download all files in the current directory)

All files in this directory are freely available for public use.

--------------------------------------------------------------------
References

Chiaromonte F, Yap VB, Miller W. Scoring pairwise genomic sequence
alignments. Pac Symp Biocomput.  2002:115-26.

Kent WJ, Baertsch R, Hinrichs A, Miller W, Haussler D.
Evolution's cauldron: Duplication, deletion, and rearrangement in the
mouse and human genomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Sep
30;100(20):11484-9.

Schwartz S, Kent WJ, Smit A, Zhang Z, Baertsch R, Hardison RC,
Haussler D, Miller W. Human-Mouse Alignments with BLASTZ. Genome
Res. 2003 Jan;13(1):103-7.

      Name                       Last modified      Size  Description
Parent Directory - hg38.araMac1.all.chain.gz 2015-02-17 18:06 29M hg38.araMac1.net.axt.gz 2015-02-17 18:10 83M hg38.araMac1.net.gz 2015-02-17 18:13 20M hg38.araMac1.synNet.maf.gz 2015-02-17 18:19 4.4M md5sum.txt 2015-02-17 18:19 291 reciprocalBest/ 2015-02-18 10:04 -