This directory contains alignments of the following assemblies:
- target/reference: Human
(hg38, Dec. 2013 (GRCh38/hg38),
GRCh38 Genome Reference Consortium Human Reference 38 (GCA_000001405.15))
- query: Mouse
(mm39, Jun. 2020 (GRCm39/mm39),
Genome Reference Consortium Mouse Build 39 (GCA_000001635.9))
Files included in this directory:
- md5sum.txt: md5sum checksums for the files in this directory
- hg38.mm39.all.chain.gz: chained lastz alignments. The chain format is
described in http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/chain.html .
- hg38.mm39.net.gz: "net" file that describes rearrangements between
the species and the best Mouse match to any part of the
Human genome. The net format is described in
http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/net.html .
- hg38.mm39.net.axt.gz: chained and netted alignments,
i.e. the best chains in the Human genome, with gaps in the best
chains filled in by next-best chains where possible. The axt format is
described in http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/axt.html .
- hg38.mm39.synNet.maf.gz - filtered net file for syntenic alignments
only, in MAF format, see also, description of MAF format:
http://genome.ucsc.edu/FAQ/FAQformat.html#format5
- hg38.mm39.syn.net.gz - filtered net file for syntenic alignments only
- reciprocalBest/ directory, contains reciprocal-best netted chains
for hg38-mm39
The hg38 and mm39 assemblies were aligned by the lastz alignment
program, which is available from Webb Miller's lab at Penn State
University (http://www.bx.psu.edu/miller_lab/). Any hg38 sequences larger
than 40,010,000 bases were split into chunks of 40,010,000 bases overlapping
by 10,000 bases for alignment. A similar process was followed for mm39,
with chunks of 20,000,000 overlapping by 0. Following alignment, the
coordinates of the chunk alignments were corrected by the
blastz-normalizeLav script written by Scott Schwartz of Penn State.
The lastz scoring matrix (Q parameter) used was the default matrix:
A C G T
A 91 -114 -31 -123
C -114 100 -125 -31
G -31 -125 100 -114
T -123 -31 -114 91
with a gap open penalty of O=400 and a gap extension penalty of E=30.
The minimum score for an alignment to be kept was K=3000 for the first pass
and L=3000 for the second pass, which restricted the search space to the
regions between two alignments found in the first pass. The minimum
score for alignments to be interpolated between was H=2000.
The .lav format lastz output was translated to the .psl format with
lavToPsl, then chained by the axtChain program.
Chain minimum score: 3000, and linearGap matrix of (medium):
tableSize 11
smallSize 111
position 1 2 3 11 111 2111 12111 32111 72111 152111 252111
qGap 350 425 450 600 900 2900 22900 57900 117900 217900 317900
tGap 350 425 450 600 900 2900 22900 57900 117900 217900 317900
bothGap 750 825 850 1000 1300 3300 23300 58300 118300 218300 318300
Chained alignments were processed into nets by the chainNet, netSyntenic,
and netClass programs.
Best-chain alignments in axt format were extracted by the netToAxt program.
All programs run after lastz were written by Jim Kent at UCSC.
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If you plan to download a large file or multiple files from this directory,
we recommend you use ftp rather than downloading the files via our website.
To do so, ftp to hgdownload.soe.ucsc.edu, then go to the directory
goldenPath/hg38/vsMm39/. To download multiple files, use the "mget"
command:
mget <filename1> <filename2> ...
- or -
mget -a (to download all files in the current directory)
All files in this directory are freely available for public use.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
References
Harris, R.S. (2007) Improved pairwise alignment of genomic DNA
Ph.D. Thesis, The Pennsylvania State University
Chiaromonte F, Yap VB, Miller W. Scoring pairwise genomic sequence
alignments. Pac Symp Biocomput. 2002:115-26.
Kent WJ, Baertsch R, Hinrichs A, Miller W, Haussler D.
Evolution's cauldron: Duplication, deletion, and rearrangement in the
mouse and human genomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Sep
30;100(20):11484-9.
Schwartz S, Kent WJ, Smit A, Zhang Z, Baertsch R, Hardison RC,
Haussler D, Miller W. Human-Mouse Alignments with BLASTZ. Genome
Res. 2003 Jan;13(1):103-7.
Name Last modified Size Description
Parent Directory -
reciprocalBest/ 2021-03-15 14:58 -
md5sum.txt 2020-08-17 16:40 276
hg38.mm39.syn.net.gz 2020-08-17 16:26 176M
hg38.mm39.net.gz 2020-08-17 16:18 187M
hg38.mm39.all.chain.gz 2020-08-17 15:51 208M
hg38.mm39.synNet.maf.gz 2020-08-17 16:39 677M
hg38.mm39.net.axt.gz 2020-08-17 16:04 713M